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File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a TCP protocol for uploading and downloading files between computers. FTP works on a client/server model. The server component is called an FTP daemon. It continuously listens for FTP requests from remote clients. When a request is received, it manages the the login and sets up the connection. For the duration of the session it executes any of commands sent by the FTP client.
Access to an FTP server can be managed in two ways:
In the Anonymous mode, remote clients can access the
FTP server by using the
default user account called 'anonymous" or "ftp" and
sending an email address as the password. In the
Authenticated mode a user must
have an account and a password. User access to the FTP
server directories and files is
dependent on the permissions defined for the account
used at login. As a general
rule, the FTP daemon will hide the root directory of the
FTP server and change it to
the FTP Home directory. This hides the rest of the file
system from remote
sessions.
vsftpd - FTP Server Installation
vsftpd is an FTP daemon available in
Ubuntu. It is easy to install, set up, and
maintain. To install vsftpd
you
can run the following command:
sudo apt-get install vsftpd
vsftpd - FTP Server
Configuration
You can edit the vsftpd configuration file,
/etc/vsftpd.conf, to
change the default settings.
By default only anonymous FTP is
allowed. If you wish to disable this option, you
should change the following line:
anonymous_enable=YES
to
anonymous_enable=NO
By default, local system users are not allowed to
login to FTP server. To change this setting, you
should uncomment the following line:
#local_enable=YES
By default, users are allowed to download files
from FTP server. They are not allowed to upload
files to FTP server. To change this setting, you
should uncomment the following line:
#write_enable=YES
Similarly, by default, the anonymous users are not
allowed to upload files to FTP server. To change
this setting, you should uncomment the following
line:
#anon_upload_enable=YES
The configuration file consists of many
configuration parameters. The information about
each parameter is available in the configuration
file. Alternatively, you can refer to the man
page, man 5 vsftpd.conf
for
details of each parameter.
Once you configure vsftpd
you
can start the daemon. You can run following command to
run the vsftpd
daemon:
sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd start
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Please note that the defaults in the configuration file are
set as they are for security reasons. Each of the above
changes makes the system a little less secure, so make them
only if you need them.
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